They posses knowledge level equivalent to in the LEED core curriculum. The evaluation is based on relative performance against baseline performance. If you just know how to use the mouse and keyboard, you will be comfortable. This may be updated or changed by GBCI in V4 as there are translational aid, we will come up with updates in next revision.
Mark: Used to mark questions for reviewing later Calculator: Pops up a calculator. Review: Brings a screen as shown in fig 1. You can change the answers anytime within the allotted 2 hrs. It is an internationally recognized green building rating system developed by US Green Building Council. LEED is intended to provide building owners and operators a concise framework for identifying and implementing practical and measurable green building design, construction, operations and maintenance solutions.
Each of these rating systems is applicable to different project typologies as explained in fig 2. Building Envelope Changes b. HVAC system changes c. Major Interior changes 2. Includes both direct customer service areas showroom and preparation or storage areas that support customer service. Can also be used for higher education and non-academic buildings on school campuses.
Most projects fit into a particular rating system, there may be cases where a project is applicable for more than one rating system. Fig 2. Points are awarded when project comply with credit requirements. Example: Refer to fig 2. By meeting the credit requirements the projects can earn points.
Each impact category has different weightage based on how significant they are. For example climate change is of much more significance compared to green economy.
They are called as LEED credentials. Only companies can be members. Mission To transform the way buildings and communities are designed, built and operated, enabling an environmentally and socially responsible, healthy, and prosperous environment that improves the quality of life.
Vision Buildings and communities will regenerate and sustain the health and vitality of all life within a generation. GBCI was established in to administer project certifications and professional credentials within the framework of the U. For multiple building developments, the LEED project boundary may be a portion of the development as determined by the project team.
The best strategy to achieve this credit is to develop a previously developed site. Previously developed sites have existing infrastructure like electricity network, water, sewage, telecom etc hence reduces the load on infrastructure requirement. Do not develop environmentally sensitive sites. Following sites are considered as environmentally sensitive: a. A farm land b. Land close to water bodies - development boundary to be at least ' away from water bodies c.
Land close to wetland - development boundary to be at least 50' away from wetland. Land which is identified as land for endangered species. Fig 3. Brownfield sites require remediation prior to development. Site declared as brownfield by government agencies b.
If the site is remediated by local voluntary cleanup programs c. Contaminants are identified during environmental site assessment performed as per ASTM standards Priority designations are the sites whose development is encouraged or supported by Government 3.
Land is a precious resource; high dense development has lesser building footprint thereby protecting greenfield sites and farmlands from development.
This can reduce automobile usage and increase physical activity of the occupants. Strategies: Select a site which has either access to rapid transit or bus stop. In many cities, municipality acts as local zoning authority. Smart growth is an urban planning and transportation theory that concentrates growth in compact walk-able urban centers to avoid urban sprawl.
This may further increase the fertilizer requirement for the landscape thereby making more damage to the environment. Following are the potential strategies the project team can incorporate. Permanent Seeding: Plant grass, trees and shrubs to permanently stabilize the soil. Fig 4.
A pond with controlled water release structure to allow settling of sediments from the run-off. Erosion in construction site happens because of storm water run-off, wind, foot traffic, construction vehicle traffic, steep slopes etc. Storm water run-off: The storm water that flows out of the project site boundary through the surface is called as storm water run-off.
Sedimentation: Sedimentation is the process of addition of solid particles in water bodies. Sedimentation decreases the water quality and affects the aquatic life. Applicable Local standards 4. Department of Agriculture prime farmland, healthy soils, previous development, disturbed soils local equivalent standards may be used for projects outside the U.
Achieve the required gross floor area by increasing the number of floors. Terminologies: Native Plants: Native plants are plants that have developed naturally in a geological location for many years. Adaptive Plants: Adaptive plants are not native for a particular geological location but can be adapted in the location without significant use of fertilizers, pesticides or irrigation requirements.
Invasive plants: Invasive plants are not native for a particular geological location and require significant effort in maintaining them. Use of native or adaptive plants is a good practice in Green buildings. Invasive plants should always be avoided. Building footprint: Building footprint is the area of the project site used by the building structure, defined by the perimeter of the building plan.
Landscape, access roads, parking lots and non-building facilities are excluded from the building foot print. Development footprint: Development foot print includes all the area affected because of the development of the building. Reference Standard: None 4. Quality Control — Controlling the pollutants and contaminants from the run-off.
Sewage treatment is an energy intensive process, when storm water mixes with sewage it overloads the sewage treatment plant and hence consuming more energy. Cluster developments to reduce paved surfaces such as roads and sidewalks. Treated storm water can be used for irrigation and toilet flushing. Rain Gardens: A rain garden is a planted depression that allows rainwater run-off from impervious urban areas like roofs, driveways, walkways, parking lots, to be absorbed.
It may occur naturally but can also be the result of human activity cultural eutrophication from fertilizer run-off and sewage discharge. Filter strips function by slowing run- off velocities and filtering out sediment and other pollutants and by providing some infiltration into underlying soils. Completely restructured for LEED v4, the print and pdf formats of the reference guides walk project teams through all of the information you need to successfully achieve credits.
All hard copy and e-document pdf LEED v4 reference guide purchases come with a day subscription to the new web-based version of the LEED v4 reference guides that includes all rating systems. It also gives project teams access to a new set of modules developed specifically to supplement the reference guide content, including interactive videos, tutorials, presentations and documents.
These sections are supplemental for the web based reference guide. The LEED project can be delineated by ownership, management, lease, or party wall separation. Buildings or structures primarily dedicated to parking are not eligible for LEED certification. Parking that serves an eligible LEED project should be included in the certification. An addition to an existing building may certify independently, excluding the existing building in its entirety. Alternatively, the addition and the entire existing building may certify as one project.
The LEED project boundary may include other buildings. It may also be excluded. Projects that are phased sites with a master plan for multiple buildings must designate a LEED project boundary for each building or follow USGBCs master site guidance. This requirement includes, but is not limited to, the International Residential Code stipulation that a dwelling unit must include permanent provisions for living, sleeping, eating, cooking, and sanitation. This document provides guidance to help project teams select a LEED rating system.
Projects are required to use the rating system that is most appropriate. However, when the decision is not clear, it is the responsibility of the project team to make a reasonable decision in selecting a rating system before registering their project.
The project teams should first identify an appropriate rating system, and then determine the best adaptation.
In this case, the project team will be asked to change the designated rating system for their registered project. Please review this guidance carefully and contact USGBC if it is not clear which rating system to use. Buildings that are new construction or major renovation. New construction or major renovation of buildings that do not primarily serve K educational, retail, data centers, warehouses and distribution centers, hospitality, or healthcare uses.
New construction also includes high-rise residential buildings 9 stories or more. Buildings that are new construction or major renovation for the exterior shell and core mechanical, electrical, and plumbing units, but not a complete interior fit-out. Buildings made up of core and ancillary learning spaces on K school grounds. Buildings used to conduct the retail sale of consumer product goods.
Includes both direct customer service areas showroom and preparation or storage areas that support customer service. Buildings specifically designed and equipped to meet the needs of high density computing equipment such as server racks, used for data storage and processing. Buildings used to store goods, manufactured products, merchandise, raw materials, or personal belongings, such as self-storage.
Buildings dedicated to hotels, motels, inns, or other businesses within the service industry that provide transitional or short-term lodging with or without food. Hospitals that operate twenty-four hours a day, seven days a week and provide inpatient medical treatment, including acute and long-term care. Single-family homes and multi-family residential buildings of 1 to 3 stories. Multi-family residential buildings of 4 to 8 occupiable stories above grade.
Interior spaces that are a complete interior fit-out. Interior spaces dedicated to functions other than retail or hospitality. Interior spaces used to conduct the retail sale of consumer product goods. Interior spaces dedicated to hotels, motels, inns, or other businesses within the service industry that provide transitional or short-term lodging with or without food.
Existing buildings that are undergoing improvement work or little to no construction. Existing buildings that do not primarily serve K educational, retail, data centers, warehouses and distribution centers, or hospitality uses.
Existing buildings used to conduct the retail sale of consumer product goods. Existing buildings made up of core and ancillary learning spaces on K school grounds. May also be used for higher education and non-academic buildings on school campuses. Existing buildings dedicated to hotels, motels, inns, or other businesses within the service industry that provide transitional or short-term lodging with or without food.
Existing buildings specifically designed and equipped to meet the needs of high density computing equipment such as server racks, used for data storage and processing.
Existing buildings used to store goods, manufactured products, merchandise, raw materials, or personal belongings such as self-storage. New land development projects or redevelopment projects containing residential uses, nonresidential uses, or a mix. Projects may be at any stage of the development process, from conceptual planning through construction.
Buildings within the project and features in the public realm are evaluated. PProjects in conceptual planning or master planning phases, or under construction.
Completed development projects. The entire gross floor area of a LEED project must be certified under a single rating system and is subject to all prerequisites and attempted credits in that rating system, regardless of mixed construction or space usage type.
To use this rule, first assign a rating system to each square foot or square meter of the building. Then, choose the most appropriate rating system based on the resulting percentages.
Integrative Project Planning and Design INTENT Maximize opportunities for integrated, cost-effective adoption of green design and construction strategies, emphasizing human health as a fundamental evaluative criterion for building design, construction and operational strategies. Utilize innovative approaches and techniques for green design and construction. Use cross-discipline design and decision making, beginning in the programming and pre-design phase. At a minimum, ensure the following process: Owners Project Requirements Document.
Develop a health mission statement and incorporate it in the OPR. The health mission statement must address "triple bottom line" valueseconomic, environmental and social. Include goals and strategies to safeguard the health of building occupants, the local community and the global environment, while creating a high-performance healing environment for the buildings patients, caregivers and staff.
Preliminary Rating Goals. As early as practical and preferably before schematic design, conduct a preliminary LEED meeting with a minimum of four key project team members and the owner or owners representative. Assemble an integrated project team and include as many of the following professionals as feasible minimum of four , in addition to the owner or owners representative. Owners capital budget manager Architect or building designer Mechanical engineer Structural engineer Energy modeler Equipment planner Acoustical consultant Telecommunications designer Controls designer Food Service Consultant Infection Control Staff Building science or performance testing agents Green building or sustainable design consultant Facility green teams Physician and nursing teams.
Facility managers Environmental services staff Functional and space programmers Commissioning agent Community representatives Civil engineer Landscape architect Ecologist Land planner Construction manager or general contractor Life cycle cost analyst; construction cost estimator Lighting Designer Other disciplines appropriate to the specific project type.
As early as practical and preferably before schematic design, conduct a minimum four-hour , integrated design charrette with the project team as defined above. The goal is to optimize the integration of green strategies across all aspects of building design, construction and operations, drawing on the expertise of all participants.
Behind the Intent The building systems and equipment of modern health care facilities impose large environmental burdens on regional energy and water resources and contribute significantly to greenhouse gas emissions. Hospitals in the United States, on average, consume 2. Because of their unique challenges and conditions, health care facilities especially can benefit from implementing an integrative process that guides the project from visioning to occupancy.
A comprehensive, integrative process accounts for the interactions of all building and site systems, relying on an iterative cycle of analysis, workshops, implementation, and performance feedback. This prerequisite focuses on establishing a framework for this process and requires an integrative charrette that clarifies the strategies and goals for the projects guiding documents.
Identify project team During predesign or at the start of the design process, assemble an integrative project team with at least four members in addition to the owner or owners representative.
Review the list of eligible project team members in the prerequisite requirements. If possible, include a representative from the builder or construction manager so that cost and construction considerations are integrated into the development of design concepts.
If possible, include a representative from the health care facilitys staff. Ensure that the team members have broad enough experience to contribute meaningfully to the major areas of focus. Prepare for integrative design charrette Before the initial integrative design charrette, become familiar with the integrative process and complete preliminary research and analysis to support effective and informed discussions about potential integrative design opportunities.
Collect information about the local climate, site conditions, waste treatment infrastructure, energy load distribution, water sources, transportation options, and potential building features. Convene integrative design charrette Hold an initial integrative charrette to align the project team around the owners goals for the project, including budget, schedule, functional programmatic requirements, scope, quality and performance expectations, and occupants expectations.
Use the charrette to accomplish the following: Introduce all project team members to the fundamentals of the integrative process Share initial background research and analysis from Step 2 Elicit the owners and stakeholders values, aspirations, and requirements Clarify functional and programmatic goals Establish initial principles, benchmarks, metrics, and performance targets Identify desired LEED certification level and credits to be targeted Generate potential strategies for achieving performance targets.
Projects starting after the programming and predesign phase should complete requirements as early as practical and preferably before the schematic design phase. Projects beginning this process after predesign are still eligible for Healthcare certification but should complete the requirements as early as possible. Determine the questions that must be answered to support project decisions Initiate development of the projects health mission statement Retain a copy of the action plan. Consider continuing the integrative process throughout design.
The related credit requires implementing a detailed energy and water analysis to maximize synergies of the building systems through design improvements.
Its initial steps will help Healthcare projects plan and implement a successful design charrette. Disciplines have been added to list of eligible professions on the integrative design team. To support high-performance, cost-effective project outcomes through an early analysis of the interrelationships among systems.
Beginning in pre-design and continuing throughout the design phases, identify and use opportunities to achieve synergies across disciplines and building systems. Use the analyses described below to inform the owners project requirements OPR , basis of design BOD , design documents, and construction documents. Perform a preliminary simple box energy modeling analysis before the completion of schematic design that explores how to reduce energy loads in the building and accomplish related sustainability goals by questioning default assumptions.
Assess at least two potential strategies associated with the following: Site conditions. Assess shading, exterior lighting, hardscape, landscaping, and adjacent site conditions.
Massing and orientation. Assess how massing and orientation affect HVAC sizing, energy consumption, lighting, and renewable energy opportunities. Basic envelope attributes. Assess insulation values, window-to-wall ratios, glazing characteristics, shading, and window operability.
Lighting levels. Assess interior surface reflectance values and lighting levels in occupied spaces. Thermal comfort ranges. Assess thermal comfort range options. Plug and process load needs. Assess reducing plug and process loads through programmatic solutions e. Programmatic and operational parameters. Assess multifunctioning spaces, operating schedules, space allotment per person, teleworking, reduction of building area, and anticipated operations and maintenance.
Perform a preliminary water budget analysis before the completion of schematic design that explores how to reduce potable water loads in the building and accomplish related sustainability goals. Assess and estimate the projects potential nonpotable water supply sources and water demand volumes, including the following: Indoor water demand. Outdoor water demand. Process water demand. Assess kitchen, laundry, cooling tower, and other equipment demand volumes, as applicable.
Supply sources. Assess all potential nonpotable water supply source volumes, such as on-site rainwater and graywater, municipally supplied nonpotable water, and HVAC equipment condensate. Demonstrate how at least one on-site nonpotable water supply source was used to reduce the burden on municipal supply or wastewater treatment systems by contributing to at least two of the water demand components listed above.
Demonstrate how the analysis informed the design of the project, including the following, as applicable:. An integrative process is a comprehensive approach to building systems and equipment. Project team members look for synergies among systems and components, the mutual advantages that can help achieve high levels of building performance, human comfort, and environmental benefits.
The process should involve rigorous questioning and coordination and challenge typical project assumptions. Team members collaborate to enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of every system. The Integrative Process credit goes beyond checklists and encourages integration during early design stages, when clarifying the owners aspirations, performance goals, and project needs will be most effective in improving performance.
An integrative process comprises three phases. The firstdiscoveryis also the most important and can be seen as an expansion of what is conventionally called predesign. Actions taken during discovery are essential to achieving a projects environmental goals cost-effectively.
The second phase, design and construction, begins with what is conventionally called schematic design. Unlike its conventional counterpart, however, in the integrative process, design will incorporate all of the collective understandings of system interactions that were found during discovery. The third phase is the period of occupancy, operations, and performance feedback. Here, the integrative process measures performance and sets up feedback mechanisms. Feedback is critical to determining success in achieving performance targets, informing building operations, and taking corrective action when targets are missed.
A fully integrative process accounts for the interactions among all building and site systems; this credit serves as an introduction to the comprehensive process, rewarding project teams that apply an integrative approach to energy and water systems.
By understanding building system interrelationships, project teams will ideally discover unique opportunities for innovative design, increased building performance, and greater environmental benefits that will earn more LEED points.
By identifying synergies between systems, teams will save time and money in both the short and the long term while optimizing resource use.
Finally, the integrative process can avoid the delays and costs resulting from design changes during the construction documents phase and can reduce change orders during construction. Through the integrative process, project teams can more effectively use LEED as a comprehensive tool for identifying interrelated issues and developing synergistic strategies.
When applied properly, the integrative process reveals the degree to which LEED credits are related, rather than individual items on a checklist. Become familiar with integrative process. Although this standard encourages project teams to engage in a comprehensive integrative process, the credit requirements address only the discovery phase, whose steps are similar to those described in the ANSI guide for engaging energy and water-related systems.
Conduct preliminary energy research and analysis in concert with Step 3 Complete energy-related research and analysis to support effective and informed discussions about potential integrative design opportunities see Further Explanation, Recommended Preliminary Data Collection. Collect information about the local climate, site conditions, energy sources, transportation options, and potential building features. Use the U. Environmental Protection Agencys Target Finder tool or other data sources to benchmark energy performance for the projects type, scope, occupancy, and location.
Develop a simple box energy model assuming a simplified building form to generate a basic distribution of energy uses and identify dominant energy loads. Use this conceptual energy model to analyze design alternatives for potential load reduction strategies see Further Explanation, Recommended Preliminary Energy Analysis and Example 1.
Conduct preliminary water research and analysis in concert with Step 2 Complete water-related research and analysis to support effective and informed discussions about potential integrative design opportunities.
Collect information about waste treatment infrastructure, water sources, and potential building features see Further Explanation, Recommended Preliminary Data Collection.
Gather data to quantify the projects potential nonpotable supply sources, such as captured rainwater, graywater from flow fixtures, or condensate from HVAC cooling equipment. Conduct a preliminary water budget analysis to quantify how fixture and equipment selection and nonpotable supply sources may offset potable water use for the water demands. Convene goal-setting workshop Engage the project owner in a primary project team workshop to determine the project goals, including budget, schedule, functional programmatic requirements, scope, quality, performance, and occupants expectations.
Understanding the owners goals promotes creative problem solving and encourages interaction. This workshop should accomplish the following: Introduce all project team members to the fundamentals of the integrative process. Share initial background research and analysis findings from Steps 2 and 3. Elicit the owners and stakeholders values and aspirations. Clarify functional and programmatic goals. Establish initial principles, benchmarks, metrics, and performance targets.
Identify targeted LEED credits. Generate potential integrative strategies for achieving performance targets. Determine the questions that must be answered to support project decisions. Identify initial responsibilities and deliverables. Initiate documentation of the owners project requirements OPR. All principal project team members should be present at the goal-setting workshop. Evaluate possible energy strategies in concert with Step 6 Evaluate the proposed goals and performance targets for feasibility by exploring possible strategies for the projects energy-related systems.
Evaluate strategies against the initial performance targets and targeted LEED credits. It is recommended that project teams engage this initial early research and analysis by evaluating each subsystem described in the ANSI Consensus National Standard Guide 2.
Conduct preliminary comparative energy modeling using the simple box energy model Step 2 before completing schematic design to evaluate energy load reduction strategies see Further Explanation, Recommended Preliminary Energy Analysis and Example 2. Aspects to consider include the following: Site conditions. Landscape solar shading, exterior lighting, feasibility for natural ventilation, adjacent site conditions. Number of floors, building footprint, configuration, solar orientation. Building envelope attributes.
Wall and roof insulation, thermal mass, window size and orientation, exterior shading devices, window performance U-values, solar heat gain coefficient, visible light transmittance. Lighting power density, lighting needs in workspaces, reflectance values for ceiling and wall surfaces, high-efficiency lighting fixtures and controls, daylighting.
Temperature setpoints and thermal comfort parameters. Plug and process loads. Equipment and purchasing policies, other programmatic solutions, layout options. Hours of operation, space allotment per person, shared program spaces, teleworking policies. Conduct such preliminary modeling to assess at least two optional strategies for each of the above seven aspects.
Evaluate possible water strategies in concert with Step 5 Evaluate the proposed goals and performance targets for feasibility by exploring possible strategies for the projects water-related systems.
Conduct a preliminary water budget analysis using research on potential water-use reduction strategies Step 3.
Aspects to consider include the following: Indoor water use demand. Preliminary baseline and design case water consumption inside the building, based on the building occupants use of assumed plumbing fixture flow and flush rates using the methodology for WE Prerequisite Indoor Water Use.
Outdoor water use demand. Preliminary baseline and design case water consumption for landscape irrigation, based on assumed landscape strategies and irrigation systems using the methodology for WE Prerequisite Outdoor Water Use.
Gather data in addition to that for Step 3 to assess and quantify the projects potential nonpotable supply sources, such as captured rainwater, graywater from flow fixtures, and condensate produced by initially assumed HVAC cooling equipment. Assess and quantify how potential nonpotable supply sources can be used to offset potable water use for the water demands calculated above.
Identify at least one on-site nonpotable water source that could supply a portion of at least two demand components. Document energy-related research and analysis from the discovery phase. Document how the above energy-related analysis informed design and building form decisions in the projects OPR and basis of design BOD , including the following, as applicable: Provide narrative explanations of the energy evaluation in the energy analysis section of the Integrative Process worksheet provided by USGBC and identify at least two options for each of the seven aspects listed in Step 5.
Document water-related research and analysis from the discovery phase. Document how the water-related analysis informed building and site design decisions in the projects OPR and BOD, including the following, as applicable: Provide narrative explanations of the water evaluation in the water analysis section of the Integrative Process worksheet.
Recommended Preliminary Data Collection To understand the likely energy load distribution by end use, use a simple box energy model to identify initial annual energy consumption percentages of total energy use for each of the following end uses Figure 1 :. Typical energy consumption by end use for a project depends on building type, occupancy, climate, and other project-specific conditions. Local climate data include annual and hourly dry-bulb temperature, wet-bulb depression, relative humidity, comfort hours, and average annual and monthly rainfall for the project site.
For Steps 2 and 3, gather the information outlined for SS Credit Site Assessment, including solar and wind capacity, heating and cooling degree days, seasonal wind velocity and direction, precipitation, microclimate, available energy sources, utility providers, energy and peak load costs, potential financial incentives, and other issues likely to affect energy-related systems. For Step 3, consider the location distance from site , capacity, and type and level of treatment for the sewage system serving the site, including any sewage plant facilities.
Include data on average water treatment cost. For Step 3, consider the location, capacity, and type of water sources serving the site, such as reservoirs, aquifers, wells, lakes, rivers, nonpotable sources, and municipal supply. Before design of the building form begins, a building massing simple box energy analysis can be used to evaluate potential energy and load reduction strategies, such as insulation levels and window performance levels. Initial modeling iterations should include the strategies in Step 5.
Site conditions. Consider options that integrate landscape components and strategies that reduce exterior lighting. Consider two fundamental building footprint shapes or two building heights e.
Evaluate how rotating the building 90 degrees affects energy loads. Building envelope performance. Consider options for the following aspects: Solar heat gain coefficients, overall U-value of glazing systems, performance criteria for windows in low, medium, and high ranges R-value insulation of walls, roofs, and conditioned below-grade structures in low, medium, and high ranges Effect of orientation on energy loads Effect of percentage of exterior glazing e.
Consider at least two options for reasonable reductions in lighting power density, including one aimed at a significant reduction from ASHRAE standards. All our books are available at GreenExamEducation. We have incorporated this information in our book. LEED Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design is one of the most important trends of development and is revolutionizing the construction industry.
From this book, you will learn how to do the following: 1. Use LEED exam preparation strategies, study methods, tips, suggestions, mnemonics, and exam tactics to improve your exam performance. Effectively understand, digest, and retain your LEED knowledge. Understand the process of registering and certifying a building for LEED. Understand the scope, main intent, core concepts and strategies, as well as identify the regulations, recognition, and incentives for each major LEED category.
Identify the strategies for case studies. Identify the synergy in case studies. Implement the most important LEED related codes and building standards. This book fills in the blanks and demystifies LEED. This guide is small and easy to carry around. It is an indispensable book for ordinary people, developers, brokers, contractors, administrators, architects, landscape architects, civil, structural, mechanical, electrical and plumbing engineers, interns, drafters, designers, and other design professionals.
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I highly recommend it. Evans See all our books at GreenExamEducation. The Green Building Fundamentals Course introduces new students to the world of green building design and construct. With fifteen essays by scholars and professionals, from fields such as policy and law, Health and Well-being for Interior Architecture asks readers to consider climate, geography, and culture alongside human biology, psychology, and sociology.
Since designers play such a pivotal role in human interaction with interior and architectural design, this book sheds light on the importance of a designer's attention to health and well-being while also acknowledging the ever changing built environment. Through various viewpoints, and over 30 images, this book guides designers through ways to create and develop interior designs in order to improve occupants' health and well-being.
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Our goal is to take a very complicated subject and make it simple. LEED v4 Practices, Certification, and Accreditation Handbook, Second Edition, provides users with a practical user-friendly roadmap that presents the guidelines for selecting the LEED v4 rating system to better fit a particular project e. Our expert instructors have devised an easy-to-navigate guide that comes with complimentary access to supplemental materials online!
Thermal comfort and indoor air quality IAQ issues have gained significant interest in the scientific and technical community involved in building performance analysis and other related subjects. In terms of thermal comfort, the achievement and maintenance of a thermally acceptable indoor environment is affected by energy costs, and energy poverty is a widespread problem globally.
There is a call for energy-efficient architecture for a developed and sustainable world. However, with the use of renewable energy that increased considerably in recent years, new technical challenges arose for the energy sector. Consumers are key players in this context, as flexibility in demand is crucial to cope with the intermittent nature of most renewable energy sources. Active demand-side participation is particularly important to ensure the efficient use of locally and globally available energy.
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